JAMES H. JOINER, Ph.D. is senior lecturer in philosophy at Northern Arizona University, where he specializes in the philosophy of religion, bioethics, and medieval philosophy. He is co-editor & contributor to Kant and the Question of Theology (Cambridge University Press, 2017) and editor & author of Bioethics in Search of Virtue (Cognella, 2020). He is also the director of the Heshima Society for Bioethics and serves as a bioethicist, providing consultation and training to healthcare professionals and medical centers on contemporary issues in medical ethics.